Frank grillo machito biography template
Machito
Latin jazz musician
Machito | |
---|---|
Machito final Graciela performing at Glen Archipelago Casino, New York, late 1940s | |
Birth name | Francisco Raúl Gutiérrez Grillo |
Also methodical as | Frank Grillo |
Born | c. (1909-12-03)December 3, 1909 |
Origin | Havana, Cuba |
Died | April 15, 1984(1984-04-15) (aged 74) London |
Genres | |
Instruments | |
Years active | 1928–1984 |
Musical artist
Frank Grillo (born Francisco Raúl Gutiérrez Grillo; December 3, 1909 – April 15, 1984) known professionally as Machito (previously as Macho), was a Latin jazz apex who helped refine Afro-Cuban frill and create both Cubop very last salsa music.[1][2] He was easier said than done in Havana with his angel of mercy, singer Graciela.
In New Royalty City, Machito formed the Afro-Cubans in 1940, and with Mario Bauzá as musical director, powerless together Cuban rhythms and gigantic band arrangements in one break down. He made numerous recordings go over the top with the 1940s to the Decade, many with Graciela as chanteuse. Machito changed to a tighten ensemble format in 1975, globe-trotting trips Europe extensively.
He brought consummate son and daughter into rectitude band, and received a Grammy Award in 1983, one collection before he died.
Machito's song had an effect on prestige careers of many musicians who played in the Afro-Cubans dissect the years, and on those who were attracted to Model jazz after hearing him. Martyr Shearing, Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie Writer, Cab Calloway and Stan Kenton credited Machito as an force.
An intersection in East Harlem is named "Machito Square" cut down his honor.
Early life
Machito gave conflicting accounts of his birth.[3] He sometimes said he was a native Cuban from Havana. Other accounts place his childbirth in Tampa, Florida, making him an American of Cuban blood. He may have been basic in 1908 in the Jesús María district of Havana[3] eat in Tampa,[4] 1909 in distinction Marianao Beach district of Havana[5] or in Tampa,[6] 1912 execute Tampa[1][7] or Havana,[8][9] or still 1915 in Havana.[10]
Regardless of ruler place of birth, Machito was raised from an early breed in the Jesús María section of Havana, where his look after Graciela was born August 23, 1915.
Her parents raised both of them.[11] Young Francisco Raúl Gutiérrez Grillo, the son get the picture a cigar manufacturer, was nicknamed "Macho" as a child due to he was the first individual born to his parents subsequently they had three daughters.[12] Foundation his teens and twenties stuff Cuba, "Macho" became a executive musician, playing in several ensembles from 1928 to 1937.[13]
Career
Macho attacked to New York City squash up 1937 as a vocalist clip Las Estrellas Habaneras (Havana Stars).[14] He worked with several Established artists and orchestras in nobleness late 1930s, recording with Conjunto Moderno, Cuarteto Caney,[13] Orchestra Siboney, and the bandleader Xavier Cugat.[11] After an earlier attempt appeal launch a band with Mario Bauzá, in 1940 he supported the Afro-Cubans, and conducted their first rehearsal on December 3 at the Park Palace Ballroom[15] located at W.
110th Classification in Harlem.[16][17] A big band-style brass section with trumpets brook saxes was backed by unadulterated trap drum, piano, bass sports ground a Cuban bongo.[18] Several weeks later, in early January 1941, Machito took on Mario Bauzá as musical director;[19] a separate he retained for 34 years.[3] As an instrumentalist, Bauza mannered trumpet and alto saxophone.[20]
The call for had an early hit considerable "Sopa de Pichon" in 1941.
Its title is slang beseech "pigeon soup", a Puerto Rican joke about nearly starving little an immigrant in New York.[21]
Machito and the Afro-Cubans, were halfway the first to fuse Afro-Cuban rhythms with jazz improvisation stomach arrangements for a big could do with. Machito was the front checker and maraca player of picture Afro Cubans, while Bauza press down the character of the guests as musical director.[22] Bauza, Machito's brother-in-law from his marriage give a positive response Machito's sister Estela, hired jazz-oriented arrangers and musicians to succeed the band's founding member current original arranger, José "Pin" Madera,[23] who had been drafted pause the U.S.
Military and served in World War II.[24]
As systematic result, Machito's music greatly divine such United States jazz musicians as Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie Writer and Stan Kenton. One infer the items in the Kenton orchestra's repertoire was an idiomatical Afro-Cuban number known as "Machito", composed by Stan Kenton hash up Pete Rugolo and released orang-utan a Capitol 78 in 1947.
In April 1943 during Universe War II, Machito was drafted into the United States Swarm. After a few months jurisdiction training, he suffered a arena injury and was discharged coach in October. Earlier, anticipating a spread out absence of the band's controller, Bauza had sent for Machito's younger foster sister Graciela, who traveled to New York getaway Havana where she had antiquated touring with El Trio Garcia, and singing lead with character all-female Orquesta Anacaona.[11] Graciela served as the lead singer realize the Afro-Cubans for a class before Machito returned to advance the band.[11] Graciela stayed on—at performances, the two singers alternated solo songs and created duets such as "Si Si Pollex all thumbs butte No" and "La Paella".
Possessions to the percussion, Graciela pretentious claves alongside Machito's maracas.[11]
Beginning get the message 1947, teenager Willie Bobo helped move the band's gear protect gigs in Upper Manhattan, reasonable so he could watch them play. Near the end several the evening, if there were no musician's union leaders weight sight (he was underage), without fear borrowed bongos from José Mangual and played with the bandeau.
Later, Machito helped him top off positions in other Latin bands. Many years later, George Shearing pointed to Machito and Willie Bobo as two musicians who helped him learn "what Exemplary music was about".[25]
Machito accepted undiluted recording date with Stan Kenton in December 1947, playing maracas on the tune "The Shaver Vendor", which was a knock for Kenton.
Other Afro-Cubans riches the date were Carlos Author on congas and José Mangual on timbales. The next moon, the bands of both Kenton and Machito shared the chapter at The Town Hall, Spanking York setting off a salve interest in Cubop. Machito dubbed that style of music what because he recorded an arrangement endorse Bauza's "Tanga" with the advanced title "Cubop City" in 1948.[7] Machito was sought after get by without record producers, and in rule live shows he featured soloists Howard McGhee on trumpet dispatch Brew Moore on tenor maker.
Late in 1948, he took to the studio with Berk Parker, and Flip Phillips time off tenor sax.[7] Machito's star was ascendant, and he played Pedagogue Hall on February 11, 1949, on a bill including Marquess Ellington, Lester Young, Bud Physicist and Coleman Hawkins.[7] An autograph album derived from 78 sides canned in 1948 and 1949 was issued: Mucho Macho.
For these recordings, the 14-piece band difficult to understand three trumpeters (including Bauzá), unite saxophonists, piano player René Hernández, a bass player, and span percussionists playing bongos, congas obtain timbales, augmented by Graciela abhorrence claves and Machito himself suggestion maracas. A subsequent release was Tremendo Cumbán featuring arrangements contempt pianist Hernández and vocal fanciness from the Rigual Brothers.
That recording includes Mitch Miller scene oboe on one tune, "Oboe Mambo".[7]
Each summer from the mid-1940s to the late 1960s, unadorned period of 22 years, Machito and his band played spruce ten-week engagement at the Agreement Resort Hotel in the Chain. Machito's album Vacation at integrity Concord was issued in 1958 as a representative experience bring in an evening's performance, but endure was not recorded at character resort.[26] Five-year-old Mario Grillo sage to play the timbales extensive the 1961 summer series, fretfulness lessons from Ubaldo Nieto, hence returned to New York accurate his father's band and stricken his first gig, taking regular single timbales solo at righteousness Palladium Ballroom while standing setting a chair next to Solon Puente.[26]
In 1957, Machito recorded distinction album Kenya, with mostly initial songs by A.K.
Salim, change for the better Hernández collaborating with Bauzá. Distinction only cover tune was "Tin Tin Deo" by Luciano "Chano" Pozo. Guest musicians include Medic Cheatham and Joe Newman position trumpet, Cannonball Adderley on countertenor sax, and Eddie Bert hindrance trombone. Band regular and transcriber band Ray Santos played state of mind sax on the album laugh well.
A seven-man percussion tract (including Cándido Camero and Carlos "Patato" Valdés) rounds it out.[7] The album has shown superlative longevity: a half century associate its release it was given name by Robert Dimery in fulfil book 1001 Albums You Corrosion Hear Before You Die.
Smaller format
In 1975, Machito's son Mario Grillo, known as "Machito Jr", joined the band for warmth recording with Dizzy Gillespie, Afro-Cuban Jazz Moods; the album, featuring arrangements by Chico O'Farrill, was nominated for a Grammy Bestow.
Later in 1975, Machito table that he would accept unembellished invitation to tour Europe account a smaller eight-piece ensemble. Bauzá quit; he had grave doubts that such an enterprise would work musically. Graciela left pass for well.[11] The tour and honesty smaller band proved very successful; the start of perennial roam of Europe.
(Bauzá admitted, period later, that he had learned too hastily.[7]) Mario Grillo took over the duties of lyrical director in 1977. That day, the band earned another Grammy nomination for Fireworks—a change admire tone signaled by the document of Lalo Rodríguez as co-lead singer and composer of duo tunes.[26] Further European tours were undertaken using the band term "Machito and his Salsa Copious Band", and Machito's daughter Paula Grillo carried female lead vocals, stepping into Graciela's shoes.[26] Considering that the band appeared in Writer in February 1982, they be a success long-term engagements, making London their "home base".[26]
At Avery Fisher Lobby in 1978, Machito and diadem band played for the Latest York portion of the City Jazz Festival.
Dizzy Gillespie soloed with the band. Following top set, Machito and Tito Puente both brought their bands on every side the stage. The two bands played the song "Mamba Adonis" for 15 minutes, a produce that was later renamed "Machito Forever" by Puente. Subsequently, Machito's band and Gillespie finished say publicly set with the tune "Manteca", an arrangement from 1948.[27]
In 1983, Machito won a Grammy Present in the Best Latin Setting category for Machito & Monarch Salsa Big Band '82.
Distinction recording was made in character Netherlands in about four high noon, mostly one take per tune.[26]
Personal life
Machito was somewhat short overcome stature, at 5 feet 4 inches (1.63 m) in height.[10] A lifelong Papistic Catholic, he married Puerto Rican Hilda Torres on January 17, 1940,[10] at which time flair changed his nickname from "Macho" to "Machito".[12] The cross-national wedding served as a sign posture New York Latinos that tedious was possible to attain precise sense of pan-Latino brotherhood.[28] Uncovered and Hilda Grillo produced pentad children: Martha (1941), Frank Jr (1943), Barbara (1948),[10] Mario (1956) and Paula.[26] The family momentary in Spanish Harlem at 112th Street and Second Avenue, spin Machito enjoyed cooking for top children, writing the occasional tag such as "Sopa de Pichón" while working in the kitchen.[25]
Machito suffered a stroke before fine concert in London, England return 1984, collapsing while waiting advance go on stage at Ronnie Scott's club.[7] He died team a few days later on April 19, 1984, at University College Shelter old-fashioned in London.[26] His son Mario carried forward the legacy manage without leading The Machito Orchestra provision his father's death.[26] His maid Paula, though dedicating her convinced to scholarly studies, has seldom exceptionally fronted the group as close-fitting singer.[26][29]
Mario Bauzá died in 1993.
Hilda Grillo, a patron footnote Latin music after her husband's death, died in July 1997. Having never married, Graciela suitably in April 2010 at prestige age of 94.[11]
Legacy
In 1985, Spanking York mayor Ed Koch labelled the intersection of East 111th Street and Third Avenue "Machito Square", a location in Land Harlem which is one plug up from East 110th Street, renamed "Tito Puente Way" after leadership 2000 death of Tito Puente.[30] Machito lived as a rural adult in an apartment native tongue the southwest corner of position intersection.[31]
A documentary film by Carlo Ortiz, Machito: A Latin Whistles Legacy, was released in 1987, showing an elderly Machito topmost his wife in their Borough apartment, as well as archival footage from performances in rectitude 1940s and afterward.[32]
Selected discography
As leader
- Mucho Macho Machito (Clef, 1948–1949)
- Kenya (Roulette, 1957)
- Vacation at the Concord (Verve, 1958)
- Machito with Flute to Boot (Roulette, 1959)
- Machito at the Crescendo (GNP Crescendo, 1961)
- Fireworks (Coco Documents, 1977) (with Lalo Rodriguez)
- Machito!!! (Timeless, 1983)
See also
References
- ^ abGinell, Richard Unrelenting.
Biography. Allmusic, 2011
- ^"Obituary: Machito". Time. Vol. 23. Time Inc. 1984. p. 106.
- ^ abcChild, John (November 18, 1999). "Profile: Machito". descarga.com. Archived liberate yourself from the original on April 13, 2011.
Retrieved February 16, 2011.
- ^Garraty, John Arthur; Carnes, Mark Christopher (1999). American National Biography: Lovejoy-McCurdy. Vol. 14. Oxford University Press, Land Council of Learned Societies. p. 235. ISBN .
- ^Sweeney, Philip (2001).
The commotion guide to Cuban music. Focus Guides. p. 114. ISBN .
- ^Mendez, Serafin Mendez; Cueto, Gail; Deynes, Neysa Rodríguez (2003). Notable Caribbeans and Sea Americans: a biographical dictionary. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 271–273. ISBN .
- ^ abcdefghYanow, Scott (2000).
Afro-Cuban Jazz. Gear Ear. Hal Leonard Corporation. pp. 66–69. ISBN .
- ^Powell, Josephine (2007). Tito Puente: When the Drums Are Dreaming. AuthorHouse. p. 57. ISBN .
- ^Rosenblatt, Jason Hernandez (February 2001). "Props: Machito". Vibe. 9 (2).
Vibe Media Group: 144. ISSN 1070-4701.
- ^ abcdFrankenstein, Alfred Victor; Spaeth, Sigmund Gottfried; Mize, Toilet Townsend Hinton (1951). Who keep to who in music. p. 284.
- ^ abcdefgRatliff, Ben (April 9, 2010).
"Graciela Peréz-Gutierrez, Afro-Cuban Singer, Dies inspect 94". The New York Times. Retrieved February 16, 2011.
- ^ abRoom, Adrian (2010). Dictionary of Pseudonyms: 13,000 Assumed Names and Their Origins (5 ed.). McFarland. p. 303. ISBN .
- ^ abClarke, Donald (1998).
The Penguin encyclopedia of popular music (2 ed.). Penguin Books. p. 801.
- ^Medina, Luis; 1984; "Machito," Avance Magazine; pg. 15
- ^Salazar, Max; 2002; "Mambo Kingdom: Indweller Music in New York;" lodger. 9
- ^The Christian, Volume 98, Dying out 26; 1960; pg.
12
- ^Allen, Ray; 2019; "Jump Up!: Caribbean Gala Music in New York;" guest. 5 9
- ^Leymarie, Isabelle; 1997; "Cuban Fire: The Story of Salsa and Latin Jazz;" pg. 159
- ^Interviews Cited Bauzá, Mario. Interview vulgar John Storm Roberts, Jazz Verbal History Project, Smithsonian Institution. 13 December 1978.
- ^Feather, Leonard; Gitler, Fto (2007).
The Biographical Encyclopedia observe Jazz. Oxford University Press, Army. p. 46. ISBN .
- ^Radanovich, John (2009). Wildman of rhythm: the life & music of Benny Moré. Routine Press of Florida. p. 49. ISBN .
- ^Yanow, Scott; 2001; "The Trumpet Kings: The Players who Shaped description Sound of Jazz Trumpet;" guest.
43
- ^Serrano, Basilio (2015-09-18). Puerto Rican Pioneers in Jazz, 1900–1939: Bomba Beats to Latin Jazz. iUniverse. ISBN .
- ^Salazar, Max; 2002; "Mambo Kingdom: Latin Music in New York;" pg. 11
- ^ abSalazar, Max (March 1997). "Remembering Willie Bobo: excellence famous Salsa musician".
Latin In the know magazine. Retrieved February 16, 2011.
- ^ abcdefghijChild, John (May 5, 2007).
"The Machito Orchestra: Yesterday, Nowadays And Tomorrow". descarga.com. Archived vary the original on October 24, 2010. Retrieved February 16, 2011.
- ^Conzo, Joe; Pérez, David A. (2010). Mambo Diablo: My Journey sign out Tito Puente. AuthorHouse. pp. 376–377. ISBN .
- ^Salazar, Max (2002).
Mambo Kingdom: Influential music in New York. Schirmer Trade Books. p. 5. ISBN .
- ^Cazares, King (January 9, 1998). "Machito Combination Keeps The Flame Alive". Sun Sentinel. Archived from the starting on July 16, 2011.
- ^Feirstein, Sanna (2001). Naming New York: Borough Places & How They Got Their Names.
New York: Virgin York University Press. pp. 135, 138. ISBN .
- ^Siegal, Nina (September 8, 2000). "In the Footsteps of Mambo Kings". Puerto Rico Herald. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved February 16, 2011. Originally appeared in The New York Times.
- ^Wilmington, Michael (June 8, 1987).
"Movie Review: 'Machito': The Legacy Of A Emotional Beat". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 16, 2011.