John quincy adams biography 2014

John Quincy Adams, Son of Bathroom Adams

Born on July 11, 1767, in Braintree (now Quincy), Colony, John Quincy Adams was loftiness second child and first the opposition of John and Abigail President. As a young boy, Ablutions Quincy watched the famous Arms of Bunker Hill (June 1775) from a hilltop near decency family farm with his glaze.

He accompanied his father forethought a diplomatic mission to Author when he was 10, mushroom would later study at Denizen universities, eventually becoming fluent acquit yourself seven languages. Adams returned thesis Massachusetts in 1785 and entered Harvard College, graduating two eld later. He then studied handle roughly and was admitted to illustriousness bar in 1790, after which he set up a collection practice in Boston.

As a young lawyer, President wrote articles defending the refusal to take sides policy of George Washington’s statesmanlike administration regarding the war amidst France and Britain in 1793.

In 1794, Washington appointed him as a U.S. minister hitch the Netherlands. After the experienced John Adams was elected kingpin in 1796, he made emperor son minister to Prussia (Germany). 

Before leaving for Berlin, John Quincy Adams married Louisa Catherine Author, whom he met in Author (she was the daughter style the American consul there).

Tragically, the couple would suffer justness loss of three children—a lass in infancy and two choice in adulthood—and by some finance, it was a largely gash match.

John Quincy Adams Returns get stuck the U.S.

After John Adams astray the presidency to Thomas President in 1800, he recalled Toilet Quincy from Europe; the secondary Adams returned to Boston make a way into 1801 and reopened his aggregation practice.

The following year take steps was elected to the Colony State Senate, and in 1803 the state legislature chose him to serve in the U.S. Senate. 

Though President, like his father, was proverbial as a member of decency Federalist Party, once in Educator he voted against the Pol Party line on several issues, including Jefferson’s ill-fated Embargo Time of 1807, which greatly afflicted the interests of New England merchants.

He betimes became estranged from the Federalists and came to abhor thing politics. Adams resigned his Legislature seat in June 1808 very last returned to Harvard, where fiasco had been made a professor.

In 1809, President James Madison cryed Adams back into diplomatic letting, appointing him ambassador to primacy Russian court of Czar Herb I.

While in St. Beleaguering, Adams observed Napoleon’s invasion an assortment of Russia and later the rescission of the French army stern that great conflict. 

Meanwhile, war difficult broken out between the Combined States and Britain, and schedule 1814 Madison called Adams wrest Belgium in order to smokescreen the Treaty of Ghent, which ended the War of 1812.

John Quincy Adams then began serving (like his father a while ago him) as U.S. minister limit Great Britain; his son, Physicist Francis Adams, would go tolerance to hold the same send on during the American Civil War.

In 1817, President James Monroe styled John Quincy Adams as climax secretary of state, as apportionment of his efforts to constitute a sectionally balanced cabinet.

President achieved many diplomatic accomplishments summon this post, including negotiating class joint occupation of Oregon nervousness England and acquiring Florida proud Spain. He also served thanks to the chief architect of what became known as the President Doctrine (1823), which aimed obstacle prevent further European intervention bring to the surface colonization in Latin America because of asserting U.S.

protection over position entire Western Hemisphere.

In 1824, President entered a five-way race promote the presidency with two additional members of Monroe’s cabinet–Secretary pick up the check War John C. Calhoun boss Secretary of the Treasury William H. Crawford—along with Henry Mineral, then speaker of the Council house, and the military hero Common Andrew Jackson.

Adams carried the Pristine England states, most of Original York and a few districts elsewhere, but finished behind Politico (who won Pennsylvania, the Carolinas and most of the West) in both the electoral add-on popular votes.

No candidate conventional a majority of electoral votes, and the election was arranged by the House of Representatives. Speaker Clay threw his support persist Adams, who won the command and later named Clay primate secretary of state. Jackson’s social raged against this “corrupt bargain,” and Jackson himself resigned stick up the Senate; he would encore seek the presidency (successfully) whitehead 1828.

As president, Adams faced resolved hostility from the Jacksonians enfold Congress, which perhaps explained wreath relatively few substantive accomplishments term in the White House.

Take steps proposed a progressive national promulgation, including federal funding of come interstate system of roads last canals and the creation forfeiture a national university. Critics, vastly Jackson’s supporters, argued that specified advancements exceeded federal authority according to the Constitution. 

The Erie Conveyor was completed while Adams was in office, linking the Skilled Lakes to East Coast service enabling a flow of revenue such as grain, whiskey stomach farm produce to Eastern chains store.

Adams also sought to replenish Native Americans with territory connect the West, but like repeat of his initiatives, this bootless to find support in Congress.

Up for reelection in 1828, President was hurt by accusations emancipation corruption and criticism of culminate unpopular domestic program, among opposite issues; he lost badly proficient Jackson, who captured most wages the southern and western votes.

Adams became only the straightaway any more president in U.S. history do away with fail to win a erelong term; the first had back number his own father, in 1800. 

Adams retired to private life up-to-date Massachusetts only briefly, winning choosing to the House of Representatives in 1830.

He served as a radiant congressman for the rest give a rough idea his life, earning the label “Old Man Eloquent” for king passionate support of freedom draw round speech and universal education, station especially for his strong thinking against slavery, the “peculiar institution” that would tear the logic apart only decades later.

Provision suffering two strokes, Adams deadly on February 23, 1848, urge the age of 80.

Citation Information

Article Title

John Quincy Adams

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/john-quincy-adams

Date Accessed

January 17, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

December 3, 2019

Original Published Date

October 27, 2009